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ReXrank

Chest X-ray Interpretation Leaderboard

What is ReXrank?

ReXrank is a public leaderboard for chest X-ray image interpretation, including both radiology report generation (RRG) and visual question answering (VQA) tasks.


ReXrank Challenge V1.0 is a competition in the generation of chest radiograph reports utilizing ReXGradient, the largest private test dataset consisting of 10,000 studies across 67 sites. The challenge attracted diverse participants from academic institutions, industry, and independent research teams, resulting in 24 state-of-the-art models previously benchmarked.


ReXrank Challenge V2.0 is a competition in VQA task utilizing VQA dataset constructed from ReXGradient, including 41,007 VQA pairs with 10,000 radiological studies. We benchmarked 8 state-of-the-art models.


ReXGradient-160K is the largest publicly available multi-site chest X-ray dataset, containing 273,004 unique chest X-ray images from 160,000 radiological studies, collected from 109,487 unique patients across 3 U.S. health systems (79 medical sites). In ReXrank, we use additional private test set ReXGradient, 10,000 studies for benchmarking.


ReXVQA is the largest and most comprehensive benchmark for VQA in chest radiology, comprising 653834 questions paired with 160,000 radiological studies. The dataset is constructed from ReXGradient-160K.

ReXrank Challenge V1.0 Leaderboard (RRG)

Rank ReXGradient MIMIC-CXR IU-Xray CheXpert Plus

1

Deepwise-RG

Deepwise

Deepwise-RG

Deepwise

CARE-X

Microsoft Research

Deepwise-RG

Deepwise

2

CARE-X

Microsoft Research

CARE-X

Microsoft Research

MoERad-IU

IIT Madras

zzy-RGv1-8b

Individual

3

MAIRA-2

Microsoft

zzy-RGv1-8b

Individual

Cvt2distilgpt2-IU

CSIRO

CARE-X

Microsoft Research

4

MedVersa

Harvard

UniRG-CXR

Microsoft Research

BiomedGPT-IU

Lehigh University

DD-LLaVA-X

SNUH

5

CXRMate-RRG24

CSIRO

MedVersa

Harvard

VLCI-IU

SYSU

MAIRA-2

Microsoft

6

Cvt2distilgpt2-MIMIC

CSIRO

CXRMate-RRG24

CSIRO

CX-Mind

SJTU

CheXpertPlus-CheX-MIMIC

Stanford

7

zzy-RGv1-8b

Individual

Libra

University of Glasgow

Libra

University of Glasgow

UniRG-CXR

Microsoft Research

8

MoERad-IU

IIT Madras

CheXpertPlus-CheX-MIMIC

Stanford

Deepwise-RG

Deepwise

Libra

University of Glasgow

9

CheXpertPlus-CheX-MIMIC

Stanford

DD-LLaVA-X

SNUH

DD-LLaVA-X

SNUH

CXRMate-ED

CSIRO

10

Cvt2distilgpt2-IU

CSIRO

CheXpertPlus-MIMIC

Stanford

CXRMate-RRG24

CSIRO

CXRMate-RRG24

CSIRO

11

VLCI-IU

SYSU

CXRMate-ED

CSIRO

CheXagent

Stanford

Cvt2distilgpt2-MIMIC

CSIRO

12

Libra

University of Glasgow

CheXagent

Stanford

Cvt2distilgpt2-MIMIC

CSIRO

CheXpertPlus-CheX

Stanford

13

CheXpertPlus-MIMIC

Stanford

Cvt2distilgpt2-MIMIC

CSIRO

CheXpertPlus-CheX-MIMIC

Stanford

MedGemma

Google

14

CheXagent

Stanford

MedGemma

Google

UniRG-CXR

Microsoft Research

RaDialog

TUM

15

CX-Mind

SJTU

CheXOne-R1

Stanford

MedVersa

Harvard

CheXagent

Stanford

16

BiomedGPT-IU

Lehigh University

MAIRA-2

Microsoft

CheXpertPlus-MIMIC

Stanford

CheXpertPlus-MIMIC

Stanford

17

VLCI-MIMIC

SYSU

CX-Mind

SJTU

zzy-RGv1-8b

Individual

CheXOne-R1

Stanford

18

DD-LLaVA-X

SNUH

MoERad-IU

IIT Madras

MoERad-MIMIC

IIT Madras

MedVersa

Harvard

19

UniRG-CXR

Microsoft Research

Cvt2distilgpt2-IU

CSIRO

RadFM

SJTU

MedGemma 1.5 4B

Google

20

CXRMate-ED

CSIRO

VLCI-IU

SYSU

MedGemma 1.5 4B

Google

VLCI-IU

SYSU

21

MedGemma 1.5 4B

Google

RaDialog

TUM

CheXpertPlus-CheX

Stanford

CX-Mind

SJTU

22

MedGemma

Google

CheXpertPlus-CheX

Stanford

MAIRA-2

Microsoft

Cvt2distilgpt2-IU

CSIRO

23

RaDialog

TUM

VLCI-MIMIC

SYSU

CXRMate-ED

CSIRO

MoERad-IU

IIT Madras

24

MoERad-MIMIC

IIT Madras

MedGemma 1.5 4B

Google

RaDialog

TUM

VLCI-MIMIC

SYSU

25

RGRG

TUM

MoERad-MIMIC

IIT Madras

MedGemma

Google

BiomedGPT-IU

Lehigh University

26

RadFM

SJTU

BiomedGPT-IU

Lehigh University

GPT4V

OpenAI

RGRG

TUM

27

GPT4V

OpenAI

RGRG

TUM

CheXOne-R1

Stanford

MoERad-MIMIC

IIT Madras

28

CheXOne-R1

Stanford

RadFM

SJTU

RGRG

TUM

GPT4V

OpenAI

29

CheXpertPlus-CheX

Stanford

GPT4V

OpenAI

VLCI-MIMIC

SYSU

RadFM

SJTU

30

LLM-CXR

KAIST

LLM-CXR

KAIST

LLM-CXR

KAIST

LLM-CXR

KAIST

ReXrank Challenge V2.0 Leaderboard (VQA)

Rank ReXVQA

1

CARE-X

Microsoft Research

2

CheXOne-R1

Stanford

3

MedGemma-4B-it

Google

4

Eagle2-9B

NVIDIA

5

Qwen2.5VL-7B-Instruct

Alibaba

6

Qwen2VL-7B-Instruct

Alibaba

7

Janus-Pro-7B

DeepSeek

8

Phi35-Vision-Instruct

Microsoft

9

LLaVA-1.5-7B

Meta

ReXrank Challenge V1.0 - RRG Performance on ReXGradient

ReXGradient is a large-scale private test dataset contains 10,000 studies collected from different medical centers in the US.

Rank Model CRIMSON 1/RadCliQ-v1 BLEU BertScore SembScore RadGraph RaTEScore GREEN

1

2024
CheXagent

Stanford

0.339 0.67 0.095 0.301 0.365 0.08 0.428 0.241

2

2024
CheXpertPlus-MIMIC

Stanford

0.342 0.777 0.156 0.341 0.44 0.131 0.501 0.52

3

2024
CheXpertPlus-CheX

Stanford

0.121 0.783 0.144 0.36 0.428 0.124 0.476 0.411

4

2024
CheXpertPlus-CheX-MIMIC

Stanford

0.358 0.827 0.169 0.371 0.44 0.153 0.517 0.489

5

2023
Cvt2distilgpt2-MIMIC

CSIRO

0.368 0.862 0.186 0.374 0.458 0.175 0.524 0.514

6

2023
Cvt2distilgpt2-IU

CSIRO

0.357 0.834 0.176 0.389 0.403 0.166 0.52 0.47

7

2024
MedVersa

Harvard

0.382 0.986 0.205 0.419 0.497 0.2 0.527 0.532

8

2023
RadFM

SJTU

0.154 0.759 0.156 0.347 0.394 0.134 0.504 0.406

9

2023
RaDialog

TUM

0.269 0.844 0.184 0.38 0.446 0.156 0.522 0.435

10

2023
RGRG

TUM

0.246 0.855 0.178 0.37 0.464 0.167 0.54 0.487

11

2023
VLCI-MIMIC

SYSU

0.317 0.72 0.158 0.311 0.4 0.122 0.488 0.477

12

2023
VLCI-IU

SYSU

0.35 0.895 0.214 0.366 0.466 0.213 0.573 0.536

13

2024
LLM-CXR

KAIST

-0.424 0.507 0.044 0.184 0.137 0.031 0.317 0.044

14

2024
GPT4V

OpenAI

0.141 0.617 0.074 0.198 0.337 0.135 0.47 0.497

15

2024
BiomedGPT-IU

Lehigh University

0.334 0.796 0.159 0.326 0.454 0.164 0.472 0.388

16

2024
MAIRA-2

Microsoft

0.391 0.93 0.2 0.414 0.463 0.185 0.559 0.531

17

2024
CXRMate-ED

CSIRO

0.293 0.895 0.205 0.416 0.416 0.187 0.564 0.518

18

2024
CXRMate-RRG24

CSIRO

0.379 0.817 0.151 0.349 0.463 0.152 0.518 0.408

19

2024
Libra

University of Glasgow

0.344 0.885 0.165 0.387 0.474 0.168 0.544 0.555

20

2025
MoERad-IU

IIT Madras

0.363 1.025 0.227 0.439 0.446 0.247 0.575 0.494

21

2025
MoERad-MIMIC

IIT Madras

0.249 0.757 0.145 0.352 0.406 0.116 0.508 0.431

22

2025
DD-LLaVA-X

SNUH

0.316 0.888 0.166 0.388 0.469 0.174 0.542 0.504

23

2025
MedGemma

Google

0.282 1.01 0.2 0.428 0.479 0.223 0.617 0.566

24

2025
UniRG-CXR

Microsoft Research

0.315 1.509 0.284 0.506 0.581 0.301 0.618 0.469

25

2026
CARE-X

Microsoft Research

0.438 1.635 0.307 0.529 0.568 0.322 0.653 0.506

26

2025
CheXOne-R1

Stanford

0.127 1.056 0.222 0.45 0.501 0.21 0.535 0.428

28

2025
CX-Mind

SJTU

0.339 0.941 0.185 0.435 0.464 0.166 0.574 0.499

29

2026
MedGemma 1.5 4B

Google

0.288 0.921 0.196 0.36 0.505 0.215 0.61 0.542

30

2026
Deepwise-RG

Deepwise

0.442 2.021 0.351 0.551 0.606 0.356 0.661 0.552

ReXrank Challenge V1.0 - RRG Performance on MIMIC-CXR

MIMIC-CXR contains 377,110 images corresponding to 227,835 radiographic studies performed at the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston, MA. We follow the official split of MIMIC-CXR in the following experiments.

Rank Model CRIMSON 1/RadCliQ-v1 BLEU BertScore SembScore RadGraph RaTEScore GREEN

1

2024
CheXagent

Stanford

0.096 0.74 0.154 0.346 0.346 0.147 0.474 0.257

2

2024
CheXpertPlus-MIMIC

Stanford

0.107 0.795 0.195 0.368 0.375 0.17 0.485 0.311

3

2024
CheXpertPlus-CheX

Stanford

0.026 0.703 0.11 0.32 0.325 0.142 0.469 0.225

4

2024
CheXpertPlus-CheX-MIMIC

Stanford

0.132 0.812 0.188 0.374 0.379 0.181 0.49 0.305

5

2023
Cvt2distilgpt2-MIMIC

CSIRO

0.09 0.724 0.167 0.336 0.33 0.149 0.432 0.268

6

2023
Cvt2distilgpt2-IU

CSIRO

0.042 0.614 0.081 0.304 0.191 0.103 0.448 0.164

7

2024
MedVersa

Harvard

0.17 1.086 0.271 0.444 0.465 0.269 0.55 0.374

8

2023
RadFM

SJTU

-0.074 0.646 0.13 0.309 0.259 0.108 0.45 0.185

9

2023
RaDialog

TUM

0.035 0.787 0.17 0.354 0.385 0.17 0.485 0.273

10

2023
RGRG

TUM

-0.057 0.75 0.185 0.345 0.341 0.167 0.491 0.273

11

2023
VLCI-MIMIC

SYSU

0.016 0.688 0.187 0.314 0.305 0.14 0.45 0.256

12

2023
VLCI-IU

SYSU

0.038 0.606 0.12 0.274 0.212 0.109 0.449 0.21

13

2024
LLM-CXR

KAIST

-0.4 0.514 0.052 0.178 0.154 0.046 0.341 0.043

14

2024
GPT4V

OpenAI

-0.158 0.559 0.099 0.209 0.214 0.084 0.423 0.161

15

2024
BiomedGPT-IU

Lehigh University

-0.018 0.561 0.043 0.213 0.239 0.064 0.36 0.123

16

2024
MAIRA-2

Microsoft

0.075 0.694 0.088 0.308 0.339 0.131 0.517 0.224

17

2024
CXRMate-ED

CSIRO

0.102 0.887 0.209 0.394 0.396 0.223 0.531 0.327

18

2024
CXRMate-RRG24

CSIRO

0.153 0.887 0.198 0.38 0.424 0.22 0.521 0.338

19

2024
Libra

University of Glasgow

0.152 0.897 0.232 0.402 0.403 0.218 0.523 0.356

20

2025
MoERad-IU

IIT Madras

0.043 0.643 0.064 0.321 0.213 0.122 0.455 0.174

21

2025
MoERad-MIMIC

IIT Madras

-0.016 0.726 0.163 0.341 0.334 0.143 0.465 0.24

22

2025
DD-LLaVA-X

SNUH

0.114 0.801 0.154 0.349 0.402 0.182 0.505 0.301

23

2025
MedGemma

Google

0.082 0.744 0.165 0.346 0.339 0.159 0.549 0.293

24

2025
UniRG-CXR

Microsoft Research

0.181 1.18 0.259 0.47 0.495 0.268 0.602 0.36

25

2025
CheXOne-R1

Stanford

0.08 1.023 0.215 0.441 0.456 0.234 0.519 0.314

26

2026
CARE-X

Microsoft Research

0.225 1.213 0.267 0.489 0.469 0.283 0.607 0.388

28

2025
CX-Mind

SJTU

0.062 0.793 0.153 0.394 0.323 0.174 0.543 0.267

29

2026
MedGemma 1.5 4B

Google

0.006 0.653 0.117 0.228 0.355 0.152 0.565 0.284

30

2026
Deepwise-RG

Deepwise

0.26 1.394 0.264 0.496 0.524 0.316 0.619 0.386

ReXrank Challenge V1.0 - RRG Performance on IU Xray

IU Xray contains 7,470 pairs of radiology reports and chest X-rays from Indiana University. We follow the split given by R2Gen.

Rank Model CRIMSON 1/RadCliQ-v1 BLEU BertScore SembScore RadGraph RaTEScore GREEN

1

2024
CheXagent

Stanford

0.633 0.852 0.119 0.367 0.502 0.138 0.503 0.389

2

2024
CheXpertPlus-MIMIC

Stanford

0.619 1.022 0.179 0.401 0.601 0.17 0.585 0.661

3

2024
CheXpertPlus-CheX

Stanford

0.559 0.917 0.157 0.411 0.495 0.153 0.534 0.541

4

2024
CheXpertPlus-CheX-MIMIC

Stanford

0.632 1.174 0.198 0.451 0.593 0.211 0.618 0.648

5

2023
Cvt2distilgpt2-MIMIC

CSIRO

0.632 1.165 0.201 0.437 0.614 0.208 0.606 0.682

6

2023
Cvt2distilgpt2-IU

CSIRO

0.654 1.268 0.244 0.476 0.548 0.265 0.62 0.686

7

2024
MedVersa

Harvard

0.623 1.294 0.215 0.473 0.609 0.234 0.65 0.631

8

2023
RadFM

SJTU

0.562 1.218 0.211 0.465 0.58 0.228 0.627 0.615

9

2023
RaDialog

TUM

0.532 1.094 0.205 0.445 0.553 0.203 0.586 0.586

10

2023
RGRG

TUM

0.481 1.157 0.201 0.429 0.606 0.221 0.62 0.665

11

2023
VLCI-MIMIC

SYSU

-0.036 0.933 0.142 0.379 0.482 0.22 0.578 0.474

12

2023
VLCI-IU

SYSU

0.654 1.383 0.268 0.456 0.619 0.288 0.679 0.698

13

2024
LLM-CXR

KAIST

-0.554 0.482 0.033 0.174 0.062 0.023 0.28 0.025

14

2024
GPT4V

OpenAI

0.52 0.664 0.072 0.217 0.408 0.144 0.517 0.651

15

2024
BiomedGPT-IU

Lehigh University

0.654 0.994 0.206 0.382 0.542 0.22 0.543 0.523

16

2024
MAIRA-2

Microsoft

0.552 1.256 0.215 0.461 0.606 0.232 0.627 0.194

17

2024
CXRMate-ED

CSIRO

0.534 1.274 0.229 0.485 0.557 0.249 0.655 0.685

18

2024
CXRMate-RRG24

CSIRO

0.633 1.557 0.25 0.48 0.642 0.302 0.666 0.68

19

2024
Libra

University of Glasgow

0.642 1.183 0.183 0.444 0.614 0.21 0.624 0.698

20

2025
MoERad-IU

IIT Madras

0.656 1.96 0.277 0.531 0.641 0.341 0.684 0.665

21

2025
MoERad-MIMIC

IIT Madras

0.573 1.022 0.171 0.421 0.559 0.178 0.603 0.584

22

2025
DD-LLaVA-X

SNUH

0.635 1.207 0.189 0.445 0.6 0.233 0.636 0.671

23

2025
MedGemma

Google

0.524 1.345 0.217 0.476 0.6 0.26 0.678 0.724

24

2025
UniRG-CXR

Microsoft Research

0.632 3.907 0.368 0.606 0.705 0.396 0.729 0.664

25

2025
CheXOne-R1

Stanford

0.49 1.515 0.254 0.507 0.611 0.277 0.617 0.585

26

2025
CX-Mind

SJTU

0.648 1.385 0.21 0.504 0.613 0.23 0.662 0.644

28

2026
CARE-X

Microsoft Research

0.661 1.976 0.279 0.552 0.662 0.301 0.702 0.63

29

2026
MedGemma 1.5 4B

Google

0.561 1.339 0.214 0.446 0.643 0.263 0.675 0.706

30

2026
Deepwise-RG

Deepwise

0.641 2.198 0.316 0.552 0.668 0.337 0.684 0.64

ReXrank Challenge V1.0 - RRG Performance on CheXpert Plus

CheXpert Plus contains 223,228 unique pairs of radiology reports and chest X-rays from 187,711 studies and 64,725 patients. We follow the official split of CheXpert Plus in the following experiments and use the valid set for evaluation.

Rank Model CRIMSON 1/RadCliQ-v1 BLEU BertScore SembScore RadGraph RaTEScore GREEN

1

2024
CheXagent

Stanford

0.102 0.638 0.125 0.276 0.272 0.125 0.434 0.183

2

2024
CheXpertPlus-MIMIC

Stanford

0.1 0.679 0.147 0.302 0.298 0.145 0.43 0.238

3

2024
CheXpertPlus-CheX

Stanford

0.117 0.807 0.159 0.351 0.379 0.204 0.487 0.237

4

2024
CheXpertPlus-CheX-MIMIC

Stanford

0.212 0.831 0.159 0.346 0.407 0.218 0.497 0.274

5

2023
Cvt2distilgpt2-MIMIC

CSIRO

0.124 0.636 0.128 0.277 0.271 0.122 0.42 0.215

6

2023
Cvt2distilgpt2-IU

CSIRO

0.032 0.587 0.087 0.275 0.158 0.108 0.382 0.147

7

2024
MedVersa

Harvard

0.086 0.721 0.139 0.319 0.348 0.153 0.47 0.243

8

2023
RadFM

SJTU

-0.179 0.568 0.084 0.223 0.216 0.086 0.396 0.096

9

2023
RaDialog

TUM

0.111 0.704 0.133 0.305 0.349 0.143 0.445 0.211

10

2023
RGRG

TUM

-0.011 0.674 0.154 0.308 0.273 0.151 0.453 0.216

11

2023
VLCI-MIMIC

SYSU

0.018 0.598 0.126 0.237 0.255 0.106 0.384 0.165

12

2023
VLCI-IU

SYSU

0.04 0.563 0.11 0.229 0.174 0.098 0.418 0.194

13

2024
LLM-CXR

KAIST

-0.433 0.517 0.04 0.158 0.208 0.039 0.321 0.022

14

2024
GPT4V

OpenAI

-0.052 0.569 0.098 0.217 0.229 0.086 0.415 0.152

15

2024
BiomedGPT-IU

Lehigh University

-0.001 0.566 0.055 0.215 0.251 0.062 0.351 0.118

16

2024
MAIRA-2

Microsoft

0.238 0.782 0.165 0.346 0.359 0.195 0.485 0.273

17

2024
CXRMate-ED

CSIRO

0.157 0.732 0.158 0.332 0.32 0.175 0.498 0.265

18

2024
CXRMate-RRG24

CSIRO

0.151 0.812 0.158 0.323 0.415 0.218 0.521 0.276

19

2024
Libra

University of Glasgow

0.17 0.718 0.157 0.319 0.323 0.169 0.466 0.253

20

2025
MoERad-IU

IIT Madras

0.032 0.595 0.075 0.284 0.175 0.102 0.39 0.127

21

2025
MoERad-MIMIC

IIT Madras

-0.033 0.641 0.122 0.268 0.3 0.12 0.434 0.166

22

2025
DD-LLaVA-X

SNUH

0.246 0.752 0.085 0.317 0.385 0.172 0.476 0.206

23

2025
MedGemma

Google

0.111 0.706 0.147 0.327 0.325 0.137 0.511 0.246

24

2025
UniRG-CXR

Microsoft Research

0.192 1.091 0.214 0.416 0.527 0.26 0.581 0.306

25

2025
CheXOne-R1

Stanford

0.094 0.992 0.175 0.396 0.489 0.242 0.522 0.25

26

2026
CARE-X

Microsoft Research

0.248 0.951 0.208 0.407 0.42 0.249 0.579 0.306

28

2025
CX-Mind

SJTU

0.033 0.664 0.114 0.325 0.244 0.133 0.498 0.179

29

2026
MedGemma 1.5 4B

Google

0.063 0.607 0.104 0.18 0.36 0.118 0.524 0.273

30

2026
Deepwise-RG

Deepwise

0.335 1.102 0.217 0.42 0.495 0.287 0.575 0.328

ReXrank Challenge V2.0 - VQA Performance on ReXVQA

Performance comparison of various vision-language models on medical VQA tasks.

Rank Model Overall Accuracy Differential Diagnosis Geometric Information Location Assessment Negation Assessment Presence Assessment
1 CARE-X

Microsoft Research

0.9083 0.8975 0.7598 0.8193 0.9493 0.8887
2 CheXOne-R1

Stanford

0.8803 0.8447 0.7374 0.8038 0.9110 0.8799
3 MedGemma-4B-it

Google

0.8344 0.8190 0.6872 0.7504 0.8979 0.7935
4 Eagle2-9B

NVIDIA

0.6939 0.7212 0.5084 0.5761 0.8568 0.5403
5 Qwen2.5VL-7B-Instruct

Alibaba

0.6867 0.7451 0.5642 0.5609 0.8802 0.4892
6 Qwen2VL-7B-Instruct

Alibaba

0.6835 0.7661 0.6760 0.6160 0.7048 0.6363
7 Janus-Pro-7B

DeepSeek

0.6270 0.6923 0.6592 0.6235 0.6764 0.5483
8 Phi35-Vision-Instruct

Microsoft

0.6180 0.6990 0.4469 0.5252 0.7527 0.4643
9 LLaVA-1.5-7B

Meta

0.2632 0.2628 0.3464 0.2571 0.2576 0.2690